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Free SAP Training and concepts
Learn SAP Basic Concepts for Free
| Concept | Description |
| SAP is a table driven system | Table driven allows it to change configuration quickly and easily. There is no coding block where adding a fund center means you must change thousands of records. |
| SAP Document Principle | Every transaction creates and electronic “document” which has information about when it was created, by whom, the type of document, and an internally generated reference number. This is how SAP keeps the history of a transaction. |
| Master Data Principle | Master data is The “key” to all financial data in Core Financial System |
| SAP is a “Real Time” system | A transaction entered into SAP updates the database immediately. Unlike batch systems where the database is updated overnight, reports run in SAP reflect up to the second information. |
| Integration of Modules | The modules of SAP (FI, FM, MM, etc) are integrated so that an a change in one is immediately and automatically reflected in other modules. |
| SAP is a COTS system | COTS is an acronym for Customized, Off The Shelf software. While not custom developed for NASA, it has been configured to meet NASA’s unique requirements. |
Master Data VS Transactional Data
Master Data:
Changes infrequently
Can be selected from a system menu
Name, Address, Credit Card number, Phone
Transactional data
Changes with every transaction
Uses master data in conjunction with non-master data
Examples of Master data elements
Business Area: An organizational unit of financial accounting that represents a separate area of operations or responsibilities within an organization and to which value changes recorded in Financial Accounting can be allocated. You can create financial statements for business areas, and you can use these statements for various internal reporting purposes.
GL Account: A structure that records value movements in a company code and represents the G/L account items in a chart of accounts. A G/L account has transaction figures that record changes to the account during a posting period. These figures are totals that are used for G/L reporting.
Company Code: The smallest organizational unit of Financial Accounting for which a complete self-contained set of accounts can be drawn up for purposes of external reporting.
Chart of Accounts: A classification scheme consisting of a group of general ledger (G/L) accounts.
Functional Area: An organizational unit in Accounting that classifies the expenses of an organization by functions.
Cost center: An organization unit in controlling that records expenses of a division that consumed goods or services.
Profit center: An organizational unit responsible for generation of revenue.
Vendor Master: A company or individual where goods and services are purchased.
Customer Master: An organization or individual who purchases goods or services.
Examples of Transactional data:
GL Document , Vendor Invoice, Customer Invoice – Data changes frequently
SAP CO Concepts
Controlling area: An organizational unit within a company, used to represent a closed system for cost accounting purposes. A controlling area may include single or multiple company codes that may use different currencies. These company codes must use the same operative chart of accounts. All internal allocations refer exclusively to objects in the same controlling area.
Cost Element: Classification of the organization’s valuated consumption of production factors within a controlling area.
Cost Center: An organizational unit within a controlling area that represents a defined location of cost incurrence.
Internal Order: An instrument used to monitor costs and, in some instances, the revenues of an organization.
Work Breakdown Structure: The work breakdown structure (WBS) is the basis for the organization and coordination of a project
SAP Accounts Payable process ( P2P – Procure to Pay cycle )
Account postings in SAP AP
SAP Accounts Receivable process ( Customer to Cash process )
